Conditional Sentences

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

(Kalimat bersyarat/ Pengandaian)

Type I       :   IF + S + VERB I ….., S + WILL       +  VERB I

                                                                  (Modal I)

Type II     :   IF + S + VERB II …, S + WOULD   +  VERB I

                                                                (Modal II)                                           

Type III    :   IF + S + HAD + VERB III …, S + WOULD  + HAVE + VERB III…

                                                                                (Modal II)           

Example of Type I:

1.       Muna will have a birthday party next week.

Our responses :

·         If she invites me, I will come

·         If she invites me, I will give her a nice gift

·         If she doesn’t invite me, I will be angry

·         If she is busy, I will help her

Note : Conditional Sentence Type I refers to an activity / event in the future time

Example of Type II

1.       Boby is having a  wedding party in Pati Hotel now. He doesn’t invite me.

Our response  :

·         If he invited me, I would come.

2.       I am not The Indonesian President.

Our imagination :

·         If I were  The President, I would build an airport in Pati

Note :  Conditonal Sentence Type II refers to an activity/ fact in the present time and the meaning is contrary to the fact.

Example Of Type III

1.       Last night Ida had a party. She didn’t invite me so I didn’t come.

Your imagination :

·         If she had invited me, I would have come

Note : Conditional Sentence Type III refers to an activity in the past time and the meaning is contrary to the fact.

Exercise ! Build into Conditional sentences I, II, III !

1.       We (become) clever if we ( study ) hard.

Type I    : We will become clever if we study hard

Type II  : We would become clever if we studied hard

Type III : We would have become clever if we had studied hard.

2.       If You (practise) hard you (be) skillful.

Type 1 : If you practise hard, You will be skillful.

Type 2 : If you practised hard, you would be skillful.

Type 3 : If you had practised hard, you would have been skillful.

3.       If you (listen ) to the explanation you (understand)

Type 1 : If you listen to the explanation, you will understand.

Type 2 : If you listened to the explanation, you would understand.

Type 3 :  If you had listened to the explanation, you would have understood.

4.       If he (not get up ) late, he (not come) late to school.

Type 1 : he will not come late to school if he doesn’t get up late.

Type 2 : he wouldn’t come late to school if he didn’t get up late.

Type 3 : he wouldn’t have  come late to school if he hadn’t got up late.

5.       If they (catch) the 5 am train, they (arrive) at there at 3pm

Type 1 : they will arrive at there at 3 pm if they catch the 5 am train.

Type 2 : they would arrive at there at 3 pm if they caught the 5 am train.

Type 3 : they would have arriveds at there at 3 am if they had caught  the 5 am train.

6.       If he (be not) sick he (play) with us.

Type 1 : if he isn’t sick he will play with us

Type 2 : if he were not sick he would play with us

Type 3 : if he had not been  sick he would have played with us

7.       If he ( have) a car  she (love ) him

Type 1 : if he has a car she will love him

Type 2 : if he had a car she would love him

Type 3 : if he had had a car she would have loved him

8.       If the car (be not) broken, we (not walk)

Type 1: If the car is not broken, we will not walk

Type 2: If the car were not broken, we should not walk

Type 3: If the car hadn’t  been  broken, we should nothave walked

9.       If you (work) hard, you (be) wealthy.

Type 1: If you work hard, you will be wealthy

Type 2: If you worked hard, you would be wealthy

Type 3: If you had worked hard, you would have been wealthy

10.   If the weather (be) bad, the flight (be) delayed

Type 1 :If the weather is bad the flight will be delayed

Type 2 :If the wether were bad the flight would be delayed

Type 3 :If the weather had been bad the flight would have been delayed

Uan 2009/2010 No. 24.

Beyonce : I’ve got  a problem, Shakira. I borrowed John’s MP3 player and I lost it.

Shakira    : Well, … I would buy him a new one. We have to be responsible.

a.       If you had lost it

b.      If I were you √

c.       If I find it

d.      If I have enough money

Conditional Sentence without “IF”

1.       Unless   = If…..not

a.       If you don’t come, I won’t either.

= Unless you  come, I won’t either.

b.      If he doesn’t have the invitation, he won’t come

= Unless he has the invitation, he won’t come

c.       If she didn’t leave early, she would miss the train

= Unless she left early, she would miss the train.

2.       If    …..were       = Were…..    (conditional Sentence Type II)

a.       If you were here, you would meet her.

= Were you here, you would meet her.

b.      If she were not sick, she would go.

Were she not sick, she would go

3.       If ….had  + Verb III  ..  = Had …….Verb III   (Conditional Sentence Type III)

a.       If they had worked hard, they would have been rich.

= Had they worked hard, they would have been rich.